A FEW CHRISTMAS QUESTIONS

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Frances Brundage Card. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Frances_Brundage_Weihnachtsmann.jpg

Santa Image 19th Century. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Santa_image,_19th_century.jpg

Little Nemo 1905 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Little_Nemo_1905-12-17_panel_nine.jpg

“Santa Claus” with toys on sled and turkeys. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%22Santa_Claus%22_with_Christmas_toys_on_a_sled_drawn_by_white_turkeys_LCCN2005686533.jpg

Norsemen landing in Iceland  https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Norsemen_Landing_in_Iceland.jpg

Robert Peary Self-Portrait 1909  https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Robert_Peary_self-portrait,_1909.jpg

Robert Peary Sledge Party With Flags NARA. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Photograph_of_the_Robert_Peary_Sledge_Party_Posing_with_Flags_at_the_North_Pole_-_NARA_-_542472.jpg

Santa Claus Village Finland CCA SA 2.0 G https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Santa_Claus_Village_(5306867729).jpg

Nast 1271. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nast1271.jpg

Santa Claus and his Works https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Santa_Claus_and_his_Works,_by_Thomas_Nast_and_P_Webster.jpg

Christmas in Nazareth CCA SA 4.0 I. Hoshvilim  https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Christmas_in_Nazareth_03.jpg

Saint Nicholas Church, Osgood Ohio CCA SA 4.0 I by Nheyob. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Saint_Nicholas_Church_(Osgood,_Ohio)_-_stained_glass,_Saint_Nicholas_-_detail.jpg

Life and Adventures of Santa Claus. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Life_and_Adventures_of_Santa_Claus.jpg

St. Nicholas-Vol 1.1-347. WF Clarke. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:St._Nicholas-Vol_1.1-347.jpg

Joyeux Noel NBY 679 NEWBERRY. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Joyeux_Noel,_Santa_in_a_purple_robe,_being_pulld_on_a_sled_by_two_elves_(NBY_679).jpg

Banner, Santa Claus https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Banner,_Santa_Claus,_late_19th_century_(CH_18669979).jpg

Merry Old Santa Claus Nast. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Merry_Old_Santa_Claus_by_Thomas_Nast.jpg

Twas The Night Before Christmas Project Gutenberg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Twas_the_Night_Before_Christmas_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_17135.jpg

Night Before Christmas Illustrations DPLA P8. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Night_Before_Christmas_illustrations_-_DPLA_-_9edc8d5974a5a0adcab6bad6440fd84d_(page_8).jpg

Night Before Christmas Illustrations DPLA P10. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Night_Before_Christmas_illustrations_-_DPLA_-_9edc8d5974a5a0adcab6bad6440fd84d_(page_10).jpg

Bearded Guy Advert Aubrey Morandarte. CCA SA 2.0 G https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bearded_Guy_Advert_(15917552409).jpg

Jolly Old Saint Nick  https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jolly-old-saint-nick.gif

Rose O’Neill – When We All Believe  https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rose_O%27Neill_-_When_We_All_Believe_(Santa_Claus_and_children_illustration_from_the_1903_December_2_issue_of_Puck).jpg

The Workshop of Santa Claus 1873 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Workshop_of_Santa_Claus_1873_GODEY%27S_LADY%27S_BOOK.jpg

Painting is Easier Dow Ad  https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Painting_is_Easier...Everywhere!_-_DPLA_-_cafb687043f52053506457e22fc222ea.jpg

Julemotiv tegnet Jenny Nystrom. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Julemotiv_tegnet_av_Jenny_Nystrøm_(24207693358).jpg

SCV Santa Claus Village CCA SA 4.0 I Rwers. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Scv.jpg

Christmas Postcard 1909 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Christmas_postcard_with_shirt-sleeved_Santa_Claus_in_workshop_making_toys,_with_%22Wishing_You_a_Merry_Xmas%22.jpg

Santa and his reindeer https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Santa_and_his_reindeer.jpg

Santas Village New Hampshire CCA SA 4.0 I EgorovaSvetlana.  https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Santas_Village_Jefferson_New_Hampshire_Reindeer_Rendezvous.jpg

Santa Claus and reindeer 1922 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Santa_Claus_and_reindeer_(1922).jpg

Night Before Christmas Illustrations DPLA p5. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Night_Before_Christmas_illustrations_-_DPLA_-_9edc8d5974a5a0adcab6bad6440fd84d_(page_5).jpg

Saint-Quentin France Parade 2019. CCA SA 4.0 I Rene Hourdry.https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Saint-Quentin_Parade_de_Noël_2019b.jpg

Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer Defective © Notice. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rudolph_the_Red-Nosed_Reindeer_defective_copyright_notice.jpg

Hermey the Elf and Rudolph Defective ©. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hermey_the_elf_and_Rudolph.jpg

The Night Before Christmas 1915. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Night_Before_Christmas-1915-030.jpg

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY

AND FURTHER READING SUGGESTIONS 

Harness, Jill “11 Things You Might Not Know About Reindeer”  Updated 2 Dec 2020. MENTAL FLOSS. Accessed 19 Oct 2023. https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/29470/11-things-you-might-not-know-about-reindeer

Janik, Erika  “Understanding How Santa Got His Reindeer”  12 Dec 2015  Wisconsin Public Radio (WPR.org)  Accessed 20 Oct 2023. https://www.apg-wi.com/spooner_advocate/opinion/columnists/vintage-wisconsin-how-did-santa-get-his-reindeer/article_155632aa-a819-11e5-bb34-43452f3fd4a4.html

Galloway, Laura “How Santa got his Reindeer”  Updated 23 Dec 2012  CNN. Accessed 20 October 2023. https://www.cnn.com/2012/12/22/opinion/galloway-reindeer/index.html

Parris, Jennifer  “How Many Elves Does Santa Have?” 1 Dec 2021. Romper.  Sccessed 19 Oct 2023. https://www.romper.com/life/how-many-elves-does-santa-have

“How many elves does Santa have? 2 October 2019  Santa Tracker. Accessed 20 Oct 2023. https://santatracker.net/knowledge-base/how-many-elves-does-santa-have

Debczak, Michele. “How Did Elves Become Part of Christmas?” 15 Dec 2022. MENTAL FLOSS. Accessed 20 Oct 2023. https://www.mentalfloss.com/posts/history-of-christmas-elves

Brooks, David. “How Big is Santa’s Workshop? Grab an envelope and we’ll calculate”  22 Dec 2015. GRANITE GEEK. Accessed 20 October 2023. https://granitegeek.concordmonitor.com/2015/12/22/how-big-is-santas-workshop-grab-an-envelope-and-well-calculate/

Plautz, Jessica  “How The North Pole Became Part Of Santa’s Story”  20 Dec 2015 Mashable. Accessed 219 October 2023. https://mashable.com/archive/how-to-go-to-the-north-pole

“Did Coca-Cola invent Santa?” Coca-Cola. Accessed 20 Oct 2023. https://www.coca-colacompany.com/about-us/faq/did-coca-cola-invent-santa#:~:text=Coca%E2%80%91Cola%20did%20not%20create,was%20even%20a%20scary%20Claus.

“The Legend of Santa Claus” Part 1. The Origin and History of a Christmas Legend”. 10 Dec 2020. St Tammany Parish Library. Accessed 20 Oct 2023. https://www.sttammanylibrary.org/blogs/post/the-legend-of-santa-claus-part-1-the-origin-and-history-of-a-christmas-legend/ 

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